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(1) ICHTHAMMOL OINT Ichthammol 10gm Simple oint (Vaseline) to 100gm Castor oil added to Vaseline & Ichthammol (2) SALICYLIC ACID OINT Salicylic acid 5gm Vaseline to 100gm Used as keratolytic (3) WHITFIELD OINT Benzoic acid 3gm Salicylic acid 1.5gm Lanolin to 50gm Used as antifungal and keratolytic. (4) WHITE PPT. OINT (Ammoniated Mercury oint) Ammoniated Hg (pd) 2.5gm Vaseline to 100gm (5) BORIC ACID OINT Boric acid 10gm Vaseline to 100gm Used as antiseptic. (6) SULPHUR OINT Sulphur 5gm Liquid paraffin 5ml Vaseline to 100 ml Used for scabies and used in acne as antiseptic. (7) SCOTTS OINT.  (comp. mercury oint) Strong mercury oint 40gm Yellow bees wax (lano vaseline) 24gm Arachis oil (olive oil) 24gm Camphor 12gm Used as dressing for large wounds & antirheumatic. (strong mercury oint) Hg 30gm Oleated Mercury 1.5gm Wool fat 43gm White bees wax 7gm White soft paraffin 18.5gm Oleated mercury consists of:

What is the Liposome? It is a lipid bilayer (consists of phospholipids identical to cell membrane phospholipids) surrounding an aqueous space. Liposome types: A-Unilamellar consisting of phospholipids bilayer enclosing aqueous layer B-Multilamellar vesicles (MLV) consist of several (up to 14) lipid layers(in an onion-like arrangement) separated from one another by a layer of aqueous solution Applications Release their contents when they reach a specific temperature.  Release their contents at a specific pH value. Target certain tissues or cell types by changing the types of lipids in the liposome.  Target tissues, cell types or specific proteins by attaching antibodies to the surface.  Avoid certain tissues or cells by attaching complex sugars to the surface.  Evenly distribute fat-soluble (oil-like) compounds such as certain vitamins, antioxidants, antibiotics, flavors, etc. which often can’t be mixed in water-based products including most foods.  Fuse with cells

(1) ALKALINE VAGINAL WASH Borax 17.6gm NaHCO3 76.29gm Alum. 4.6gm Thymol 0.25gm Methyl salicylate 1.25gm Menthol 0.01gm (2) ACIDIC VAGINAL WASH Boric acid 65gm Alum. 2.5gm Lactose 6gm Phenol 1.25gm Methyl salicylate 1.25gm Thymol 0.25gm Menthol 0.01g

(1) Unna’S PASTE ZnO 15gm Gelatin 15gm Glycerin 35gm Water 35gm Used for treatment of bed ulcers. (2) KAOLIN POULTICES (cataplasma) Heavy kaolin 527gm Boric acid 45gm Methyl salicylate 2ml Piperment oil 0.5ml Thymol 0.5gm Glycerin 425ml Kaolina heated in sand bath for 1hr to kill spores & bacteria. Boric acid + glycerin are added to kaolin & heat the mix at 120 for 1hr then cool & add peppermint oil + thymol in methyl salicylate, mix well then store in cold place. N.B. used to draw the pus from the boils.

(1) COMPOUND Tr. OF BENZOIN Benzoin powder 100gm Styrax balsam 40gm Powder Balsam tolu 20gm Powder aloes 20gm Alc. 90% to 1000 ml Mix then let soln.some time then filter. (2) SIMPLE SYRUP Sugar 640gm H2O to 1000 ml (3) LOBELIA & EPHEDRINE MIXTURE KI 3gm Ephedrine HcL 300mg Tr. Lobelia 10ml Tr. Stramonium 10ml Syrup of tolu 40ml Water to 300ml Shake before use, used in bronchial asthma. (4) MgSO4 COMPOUND MIXTURE MgSO4 30gm Compound Tr. Of rhubarb 12ml Tr. Ginger 6ml H2O to 300ml Used in GIT disturbance. (5) CHLORAL HYDRATE MIXTURE(Chloral) Chloral hydrate 12gm Orange syrup 20ml H2O to 150ml Used as hypnotic (6) CHLORAL HYDRATE & KBr MIXTURE Chloral hydrate 3.6gm KBr 9gm Liquid extract of liquorice 9ml Glycerin 60ml H2O to 300ml Used as sedative & hypnotic. (7) PORTION RIVIER A) NaHCO3 1.5gm Syrup 8ml H2O to 60ml B) Citric acid 1.7gm Syrup 8ml H2O to 60ml Mix 5 ml of mixture A & B immediately b

(1) Calamine lotion Calamine 8g ZnO 8g Glycerin 6ml Rose(lime)water to 100ml Used as soothing and antiseptic in sunburn & allergy. (2) Calamine with sulphur Sulpher 2 g Calamine Lotions to 100ml Sulpher is levigated with a small amount of glycerin then add Calamine lotions. (3) Calamine with Icthamol Icthamol 2g Calamine Lotion to 100ml Used in ttt of cellulitis. Also, menthol 0.5 g can be added to calamine lotion to be used as antiseptic. (4) Lead subacetate Lotions (conc. solutions) Pb-acetate 250g Pb-oxide 175g Dist.water to 1000 ml Dissolve Pb-acetate in boiling H2O then cool then add Pb-oxide then set aside from 48hr with shaking then filter. Lead subacetate Lotions strong soln of Pb-subacetate 12.5 ml Dist.water to 1000 ml It must be freshly prepared. It decreases swelling and inflammation. Used in hemorrhoids. (5) Boric acid Lotions Boric acid 4g Dist.H2o to 100ml Used as a skin antiseptic and 2% used as eye l

SOVALDI  It is a nucleotide analog polymerase inhibitor, that use in patients with chronic hepatitis C, in combination with ribavirin or interferon plus ribavirin, and the cure rate in clinical trials reached 95%. Here is some facts about SOVALDI that pharmacist must know: Active constituent of SOVALDI is sofosbuvir 400 mg. SOVALDI is effective against the four genotypes of HIV infection, including patients with HCC that in waiting list for liver transplantation, and those carrying HIV-1/HCV co-infection. SOVALDI not recommended using alone for Chronic Hepatitis C patients. The dose of SOVALDI is 400 mg once daily, to be taken regardless of food. Genotype-1 HCV treated for 12 weeks with SOVALDI +Peginterferon alfa +ribavirin, and for 24 weeks if used without peginterferon alfa. Genotype-2 HCV treated for 12 weeks with SOVALDI +ribavirin. Genotype-3 HCV treated for 24 weeks with SOVALDI +ribavirin. Genotype-4 treated for 12 weeks with SOVALDI +Peginterferon alfa

HARVONI   It is a combination of ledipasvir (90mg), a (HCV) NS5A inhibitor, and sofosbuvir (400mg), an HCV nucleotide analog NS5B polymerase inhibitor. HARVONI was approved by FDA on 10  October  2014, as first Hepatitis C drug combination, that used alone without need to ribavirin or peginterferon alfa, as in case of SOVALDI. Harvoni 15 facts: Used for treatment of chronic hepatitis C (CHC) genotype 1 infection in adults. HARVONI dose is one tablet to be taken once daily regardless of food. Treatment duration varies according to the case and presence of liver cirrhosis. In naive cirrhotic or not, and in experienced non cirrhotic, they treated for 12 weeks. In naive non-cirrhotic patient with PCR < 6million IU/ml, treatment may reduced to 8 weeks. In experienced cirrhotic patients the treatment extends for 24 weeks. Experienced patients who have failed to treat with other medications. HARVONI used alone without the need to peginterferon alfa or ribavirin. H

Lyrica male-mediated teratogenicity Pregabalin is an anticonvulsant and neuropathic pain agent. Exactly how pregabalin works is not known. It is thought to bind to certain areas of the brain that help reduce seizures, nerve pain, and anxiety. Treating fibromyalgia or nerve pain caused by certain conditions (eg, shingles, diabetic nerve problems, spinal cord injury). It is also used in combination with other medicines to treat certain types of seizures. Men being treated with pregabalin should be informed of the potential risk of male-mediated teratogenicity. Animal studies have reported increased incidences of: specific skull alterations attributed to abnormally advanced ossification,  retarded ossification,  increased incidences of skeletal malformations,  decreased fetal body weights,  visceral variations.  When offspring were tested as adults, neurobehavioral abnormalities and reproductive impairment were observed.

Serious and Life-Threatening Cases for use Harvoni and Sovaldi with amiodarone Serious and Life-Threatening Cases of Symptomatic Bradycardia, as well as One Case of Fatal Cardiac Arrest, Reported with Coadministration of amiodarone with either Harvoni® (ledipasvir and sofosbuvir fixed-dose combination) or with Sovaldi® (sofosbuvir) in combination with another direct-acting antiviral. The specific changes to each label are summarized below. Harvoni label changes: WARNINGS AND PRECAUTIONS Serious Symptomatic Bradycardia When Coadministered with Amiodarone Postmarketing cases of symptomatic bradycardia, including fatal cardiac arrest and cases requiring pacemaker intervention, have been reported when amiodarone is coadministered with HARVONI. Bradycardia has generally occurred within hours to days, but cases have been observed up to 2 weeks after initiating HCV treatment. Patients also taking beta blockers, or those with underlying cardiac comorbidities and/or advanced liver

How to answer Drug Information Request? Here are the seven steps you can use in a systematic approach to answering a Drug Information Request if you use these steps you will provide the most evidence answer. Step 1: Secure Demographics of Requestor Requestor demographics ( Name and profession, physician-pharmacist-nurse-patient).  Appropriate formulation and delivery method (DI Form & DI Answer Form.  Initial question (First question asked by the requestor).  Step 2: Obtain Background Information Question type (Patient-specific or academic).  Patient background information ( Age-Height-Weight-history-current problem-medication-allergies-laboratory information).  Step 3: Determine and Categorize the Ultimate Question Convert initial question + background information to the Ultimate Question.  Categorize the ultimate question ( Select the suitable question category from the question categories).  Develop a timeline for the response ( Locate the